Maintaining a fare affluent successful steadfast works foods and debased successful unhealthy works foods is associated with a little hazard for colorectal cancer (CRC) successful men, though the spot of the relation whitethorn alteration by contention and ethnicity and tumor site, caller probe shows.
The "take-home connection is that improving the prime of works foods and reducing carnal nutrient depletion tin assistance forestall colorectal crab successful men," Jihye Kim told Medscape Medical News.
The findings suggest that "not each plant-based diets are the aforesaid with respect to colorectal crab protection/risk," said Kim, a prof successful the College of Life and Sciences astatine Kyung Hee University successful South Korea.
The survey was published online successful BMC Medicine.
Healthy vs Unhealthy Plant-Based Diets
The researchers investigated the hazard for CRC successful relation with 3 plant-based dietary patterns defined by a priori indices: an wide plant-based fare scale (PDI), a healthful plant-based fare scale (hPDI), and an unhealthful plant-based fare scale (uPDI).
All 3 indices negatively measurement carnal foods but measurement works foods otherwise depending connected their nutritional quality.
Examples of foods contained successful the hPDI see full grains, fruits, vegetables, rootlike oils, nuts, legumes, tea, and coffee. Foods successful the uPDI see refined grains, effect juices, potatoes, and added sugars.
They calculated the PDI, hPDI, and uPDI utilizing information from quantitative nutrient frequence questionnaires provided by 79,952 men (mean age, 60 years astatine baseline) and 93,475 women (mean age, 59 years astatine baseline) successful the Multiethnic Cohort Study.
During a mean follow-up of astir 19 years, 4976 participants developed CRC.
The plant-based fare indices were importantly inversely associated with the hazard for CRC successful men.
Researchers recovered that men with the top adherence to PDI and hPDI had a 24% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.76) and 21% (HR, 0.79) little hazard for CRC, respectively, compared with men with the lowest adherence. No important relation was recovered betwixt the hazard for CRC successful men and uPDI.
None of the plant-based fare indices was importantly associated with the hazard for CRC successful women, which could beryllium owed to antithetic dietary habits betwixt men and women, the researchers say.
In general, women devour much works foods and little carnal foods than men do, they constituent out.
In addition, women successful the Multiethnic Cohort Study consumed higher amounts of steadfast works foods and little amounts of little steadfast works foods compared with men, truthful they whitethorn not person further benefits with precocious scores of plant-based fare indices. Also, men are astatine higher hazard for CRC than women are successful general.
These findings suggest that the benefits from plant-based diets whitethorn alteration by sex, contention and ethnicity, and anatomic subsite of tumor.
In men, the inverse relation of wide PDI was greater successful Japanese American, Native Hawaiian, and White groups than successful African American and Latino groups, and for near colon and rectum tumors than for close colon tumors. The decreased hazard with the hPDI was suggested crossed radical and taste groups and was observed for each tumor subsites.
"It was absorbing to spot that the relation of a plant-based fare with CRC varied by contention and ethnicity. It is not wide why. It could beryllium nondietary manner factors oregon familial factors," Kim told Medscape Medical News.
"We should analyse that much successful the future," Kim added.
By mode of limitations, it's imaginable that residual oregon unmeasured confounding mightiness beryllium contempt accommodation for cardinal CRC hazard factors, the researchers say. However, the subgroup analyses suggest that the interaction of residual confounding owed to assemblage wide index, smoking status, and intoxicant depletion was "minimal," they note.
Another regulation is that the investigation was based connected fare measured lone astatine baseline, but dietary habits mightiness alteration implicit time.
Overall, the findings "support that improving the prime of works foods and reducing carnal nutrient depletion tin assistance forestall colorectal cancer," Kim and colleagues say.
Th e study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) and the US National Cancer Institute and National Institutes of Health. The authors person declared nary applicable conflicts of interest.
BMC Medicine. Published online November 29, 2022. Full text
For much news, travel Medscape connected Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube
English (US)