1. In a tiny cohort of young adults successful Australia, the assemblage prevalence of keratoconus was 3.4% based connected corneal topography.
2. The incidence of keratoconus among 20-28-year-olds implicit the 8-year longitudinal survey was 2.2%.
Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)
Study Rundown: Keratoconus is an ophthalmic illness successful which the corneas bladed and go progressively cone-shaped. It tin origin imaginativeness nonaccomplishment and, successful terrible cases, requires corneal transplantation. The prevalence of keratoconus has been estimated astatine 0.0003-2.3% by past colonisation studies. This survey aimed to measure prevalence successful an Australian assemblage done longitudinal appraisal utilizing Scheimpflug tomography, a non-invasive imaging modality that tin beryllium utilized to measure some the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces. Among 755 subjects, the prevalence of keratoconus astatine property 28 was 3.4%. Keratoconus prevalence was higher successful males, and diagnosis was importantly associated with shorter axial length, higher astigmatism, and myopia. The incidence implicit the survey period, which spanned from property 20 to 28 years for each subjects, was 271 cases per 100,000 person-years, oregon 2.2%. Though mentation is constricted by the humble size of the cohort, this survey indicates that keratoconus whitethorn beryllium much communal than had been antecedently estimated. However, keratoconus rates person been shown to alteration wide betwixt taste and geographic groups, meaning that these results use astir straight lone to the studied Australian population.
Click to work the survey successful Ophthalmology
Relevant Reading: Keratoconus: An updated review
In-Depth [prospective cohort]: The cohort was made up of 20-year-olds surviving successful Perth, Australia, who underwent ophthalmic exam and imaging utilizing a Pentacam instrumentality betwixt 2010 and 2012. Follow-up astatine property 28 (8 years later) was conducted betwixt 2018 and 2020. Subjects with a Belin/Ambrósio enhanced ectasia show (BAD-D) people of astatine slightest 2.6 successful astatine slightest 1 oculus based connected tomography were evaluated by 2 corneal specialists for definitive diagnosis of keratoconus. A full of 8 subjects had keratoconus astatine baseline (age 20), portion 26 were diagnosed implicit the survey period. The incidence was calculated based connected lone 669 participants arsenic not each subjects had imaging astatine some property 20 and 28. The 95% assurance interval for the incidence of 2.2% was 1.12 to 3.36%. In an age-adjusted multivariable model, apnea-hypopnea index, an indicator of obstructive slumber apnea, was important associated with keratoconus hazard with an likelihood ratio of 2.93.
Image: PD
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