By Daniel Thomas
Business reporter, BBC News
Postal workers astatine Royal Mail person begun a caller 48-hour onslaught successful a enactment implicit wage and conditions.
It is the latest successful a bid of walkouts involving 115,000 workers and volition deed deliveries crossed the UK.
The Communication Workers Union (CWU), which represents the workers, says its members privation a wage emergence that matches the soaring outgo of living.
Royal Mail has made a revised connection but says "no talks are happening".
Postal workers walked retired connected Thursday and Friday past week, and different question of strikes is planned successful the run-up to Christmas - connected 9, 11, 14, 15, 23 and 24 December.
Clara Challoner Walker, who runs the Cosy Cottage Soap Company successful Malton, Yorkshire, said the strikes were having a "significant impact" connected her business.
She uses Royal Mail due to the fact that it is excessively costly to nonstop her comparatively tiny soap and skincare orders via courier companies.
She said the strikes could truly harm the concern during the "critical" Christmas trading period, erstwhile it makes astir of its profits for the year.
"There volition beryllium consequences and we volition person to instrumentality a hit, we can't up our prices to alteration america to nonstop things by courier," Ms Challoner Walker told the BBC.
"We bash consciousness sympathy for the [Royal Mail workers]. But I would question the national bosses arsenic to whether striking astatine this clip of year... is achieving what they are looking to achieve."
On onslaught days Royal Mail volition not beryllium capable to present archetypal and 2nd people letters, but volition present arsenic galore parcels and Special Delivery letters arsenic possible.
The quality began this summertime aft Royal Mail rejected national demands for a wage emergence that matched ostentation - the complaint astatine which prices rises - which is presently 11.1%.
The national besides objects to projected changes to moving conditions, specified arsenic ending a fig of allowances and the instauration of compulsory Sunday working.
Royal Mail has since offered a wage woody that it says is worthy up to 9% implicit 18 months, calling it its "best and last offer".
But CWU wide caput Dave Ward said that connection represented a "devastating blow" to postal workers' livelihoods and urged the nationalist to "stand with their postie".
"Royal Mail bosses are risking a Christmas meltdown due to the fact that of their stubborn refusal to dainty their employees with respect," helium said connected Tuesday.
He added that postal workers wanted to "get connected with serving the communities they beryllium to" and tackling the backlog of presents and Christmas cards that has built up successful caller weeks.
Sam Smith runs Pot Gang, which sells grow-your-own rootlike and herb kits online. The steadfast uses Royal Mail to nonstop hundreds of boxes to customers each day, but helium said it utilized much costly courier companies connected onslaught days to forestall deliveries being delayed.
"The wide nationalist mostly aren't excessively forgiving erstwhile it comes to [late] deliveries," helium told the BBC. "It creates a spot of a lawsuit work headache for us."
Mr Smith said helium sympathised with the striking workers but that "ultimately Royal Mail is simply a concern and has to woody with businesses".
"We request to cognize that things volition beryllium arriving reliably and connected clip for a just terms [this Christmas]," helium added.
What does Royal Mail say?
Royal Mail has been struggling arsenic it moves from its accepted concern of delivering letters - which is nary longer profitable - to the fast-growing satellite of parcel deliveries.
The institution faces fierce contention from courier companies and is losing astir a cardinal pounds a day. It said the strikes person added £100m to its losses, and has announced plans to chopped up to 10,000 jobs.
As good arsenic improving its connection to workers, Royal Mail says it has promised much generous redundancy presumption and a profit-sharing scheme.
Earlier this month, it asked the authorities to let it to halt missive deliveries connected Saturdays arsenic it reported a crisp nonaccomplishment for the archetypal fractional of the year.
It wants to determination from a six-days-a-week missive transportation to five, from Monday to Friday only. However, parcel services would proceed to tally each days of the week.