There is an indispensable portion of kit successful England netballer Eleanor Cardwell's container that astatine 1 clip was besides a large root of symptom - the sports bra.
Cardwell was "obsessed" with PE astatine school, but erstwhile her breasts developed it was harder and harder to bask those 45 minutes of freedom.
"When I deed puberty I got larger breasts than everyone else," Cardwell told Women's Sport Matters - a Sports Desk podcast peculiar produced with the Open University.
"I was going into PE successful the worst sports bra, having to clasp my thorax down and effort to drawback the shot with 1 manus due to the fact that if I didn't I was successful pain.
"If I forgot my sports bra, I would conscionable beryllium wearing a mean bra. That is conscionable not OK. I was incredibly uncomfortable the full time."
To marque matters worse, Cardwell - similar truthful galore different young girls - did not consciousness comfy getting changed into her sports bra astatine school, truthful would deterioration it each time successful preparation.
"The incorrectly fitted sports bra - the set would beryllium rubbing," she explains.
"I'd beryllium getting blisters and chafing nether the band. I tin ideate wherefore a batch of girls would springiness up athletics due to the fact that wherefore would you privation to beryllium that uncomfortable each time conscionable for a 45-minute PE lesson?"
'Bad sports bras tin harm your breasts'
As Cardwell predicts, galore bash permission athletics down altogether.
Women successful Sport probe released successful March 2022 recovered 43% of girls who erstwhile considered themselves to beryllium sporty disengage from athletics aft superior school.
A bid of analyzable factors prevarication down that statistic, ranging from fearfulness of judgement to avoiding workout during their period, and Cardwell hopes breaking taboos astir sports bras volition assistance amended the situation.
Cardwell's sports bras were ruined successful the laundry during the 2022 Commonwealth Games. It was the cleanable accidental to commencement again and, for the archetypal clip successful her life, she got fitted for a sports bra aged 28.
That is not unusual. According to Open University world Dr Jess Pinchbeck, 80% of women deterioration an ill-fitted bra and implicit 40% of women bash not deterioration a sports bra erstwhile they are exercising.
"Breasts are made up of fatty insubstantial and there's not overmuch interior enactment wrong the breasts," says Dr Pinchbeck.
"When we're playing sport, our breasts are moving each the clip and this changeless question beyond the earthy scope tin really agelong the tegument and harm the breasts.
"We cognize a batch of larger-breasted women don't instrumentality portion successful aggravated athletics due to the fact that of the bosom movement."
As good arsenic harm to the breasts, if they determination a batch during workout it really means you person to enactment harder.
Portsmouth University's Research Group successful Breast Health recovered moving without enactment could trim stride magnitude by 4cm, which implicit the people of a marathon means a poorly fitting sports bra costs women an other mile.
Dr Pinchbeck adds atrocious bosom enactment tin interaction your breathing and summation the forces erstwhile you deed the ground, starring to much lower-limb injuries.
She explains the intelligence interaction too: "If you've got a poorly fitted sports bra and you're perpetually pulling the straps up due to the fact that they're falling down, that detracts from your absorption connected performance."
'Women consciousness much empowered to speech astir it'
Once Cardwell saw the transformational interaction of a well-fitting sports bra, she wanted to stock it with the world.
Now she reviews bras connected her Instagram page, and has specified a pursuing that immoderate fans person taken to lifting their tops up erstwhile they conscionable her aft games to stock their latest finds.
"It is astonishing that they consciousness empowered to bash that due to the fact that they person seen maine bash that connected societal media," Cardwell says.
"[There are] 16-year-old girls having this speech with me. They would person ne'er had the assurance earlier to inquire maine that question."
Cardwell wants to spot much acquisition successful schools astir the value of uncovering the close sports bra, but successful the contiguous aboriginal her ambition is somewhat person to home.
"In my netball squad I privation everyone to get fitted successful a sports bra," she says.
"I cognize a batch of them person ne'er been measured."
Sports Desk: Women's Sport Matters is simply a peculiar mini-series produced successful concern with the Open University. The 4 episodes screen periods; sportswear; the science of injuries and workout habits. You tin perceive to them here.