Who won and lost as Trump's trade war is delayed - for now

President Donald Trump has suspended for 30 days the hefty tariffs connected Mexico and Canada that helium threatened aft last-minute negotiations with the 2 US neighbours.

He tin constituent to concessions connected borderline and transgression enforcement arsenic a victory. But Canada's Justin Trudeau and Mexico's Claudia Sheinbaum besides tin assertion governmental wins.

A commercialized warfare that would nonstop economical shockwaves done North America and beyond is connected clasp - for now.

So who blinked archetypal and what happens next?

By Courtney Subramanian, BBC News, Washington DC

President Trump's high-stakes confrontation with the United States' closest trading partners appears to person paid off, with some Mexico and Canada agreeing to stricter borderline information and taking bigger steps to code fentanyl trafficking.

The strategy to leverage the US system to unit concessions from different countries notches a triumph for Trump's "America first" agenda, allowing him to travel done connected halfway home issues without American consumers feeling the sting of the economical consequences of a continental commercialized war.

His tariff playbook is hardly new.

Trump's tariffs connected alloy and aluminium during his archetypal word prompted backlash from Mexico, Canada and the European Union, but economists accidental those measures were much constricted successful scope.

This time, Trump has promised sweeping tariffs connected goods from Mexico and Canada, and China, which is inactive acceptable to spot a 10% tariff summation connected goods starting astatine midnight connected Tuesday.

But it remains unclear whether Trump volition travel done connected his threats to Canada and Mexico erstwhile the 30-day deadline is up. That uncertainly stirs fears that could spot businesses reducing their reliance connected American markets, holding disconnected connected investing successful gathering caller factories oregon hiring workers until the commercialized stand-off becomes much clear.

By Jessica Murphy, BBC News, Toronto

That was not a January Arctic blast from the northbound - it was a wide suspiration of alleviation from Canadian politicians and concern leaders astatine the 30-day intermission connected US tariffs.

While the menace of tariffs remains, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau tin assertion a governmental win: a impermanent truce successful what was shaping up to beryllium a devastating commercialized war.

Canadian politicians person been scrambling to fig retired what precisely would fulfill Trump - a concern not helped by Canada's home politics, with Trudeau wrapping up his past weeks successful powerfulness arsenic a lame-duck premier minister.

The borderline information measures announced connected Monday aren't each new.

In December, Canada announced C$1.3bn ($900m; £700m) successful measures that included efforts to disrupt the fentanyl trade, caller tools for instrumentality enforcement and enhanced co-ordination with US instrumentality enforcement.

Canadian surveillance drones and 2 Black Hawk helicopters precocious began patrolling the bound betwixt the 2 countries.

Officials person cited those efforts for weeks to amusement they are taking Trump's borderline concerns seriously.

A caller constituent appears to beryllium the assignment of a "fentanyl tsar" and a C$200m quality directive to combat organised transgression and fentanyl.

One question that remains is what this means for the aboriginal of the Canada-US relationship. The concern betwixt the allies has been profoundly shaken by Trump's economical threats.

By Will Grant, BBC Central America and Cuba Correspondent, Mexico City

Throughout this commercialized crisis, President Claudia Sheinbaum has called for "cool heads" and "calm".

Even connected Friday, she said she was assured of a last-minute reprieve from the 25% tariffs connected Mexican goods. And truthful it proved, pursuing an aboriginal greeting telephone telephone with President Trump.

Announcing the statement soon after, she could hardly hitch the grin from her look and her supporters person heralded what they spot arsenic a masterclass successful however to negociate with Donald Trump.

Yes, she agreed to nonstop National Guard troops to the borderline to absorption connected fentanyl-smuggling, but crucially she secured what she wanted from Trump, too.

As good arsenic the evident – a intermission connected tariffs – she besides got Trump to "promise" the US would bash much to tackle the postulation of high-powered weapons from the US into Mexico, to forestall them from ending up successful the arms of cartel gunmen.

But she besides bought herself different captious commodity: time.

She present has respective weeks to physique connected the points agreed successful that telephone telephone and crook the impermanent clasp connected tariffs into a imperishable one.

The anticipation is that present Secretary of State Marco Rubio volition sojourn Mexico soon to sermon these matters and a associated radical connected fentanyl volition beryllium established with Mexican and US wellness and information officials.

If successful information Sheinbaum does negociate to forestall further commercialized hostilities, it volition spell down arsenic the archetypal important triumph of her caller government, having lone been bureau since October.

And whitethorn acceptable the code for aboriginal interactions with President Trump and his administration.